New translations build-system.mdx (German)

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2026-10-21 23:09:36 +00:00 · 2026-07-07 11:21:42 +08:00
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+---
+sidebar_label: Build system
+---
+
+# Build System
+
+## Compiler Backends
+
+DCR supports 7 compilation backends. Selection is automatic based on file extension and `build.compiler` value.
+
+| Backend   | Files                             | When used                             |
+| --------- | --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
+| `unix_cc` | `.c`, `.cpp`, `.cxx`, `.cc`, `.S` | gcc/clang on Linux/macOS/BSD          |
+| `msvc`    | `.c`, `.cpp`, `.cxx`, `.cc`       | Windows (cl, clang-cl)                |
+| `gas`     | `.s`                              | ARM/ARM64 assembler (no preprocessor) |
+| `nasm`    | `.asm`, `.s`                      | x86/x86_64 NASM assembler             |
+| `masm`    | `.asm`                            | MASM (ml/ml64) on Windows             |
+| `fasm`    | `.asm`, `.fasm`                   | Flat Assembler                        |
+| `llvm_ir` | `.ll`                             | LLVM IR via `llc -filetype=obj`       |
+
+## Qt Support
+
+DCR provides native Qt support for automatic meta-object handling (MOC, UIC, RCC).
+
+Enable it by setting `build.qt = true` in `dcr.toml`. DCR will automatically detect Qt-related files (`.ui`, `.qrc`, `.h` with `Q_OBJECT`) and process them.
+
+```toml
+[build]
+qt = true
+```
+
+*Note: Requires `qt6` modules (Core, Widgets, Gui, Svg) installed via `pkg-config`.*
+
+Advanced customization is still possible via `build.steps` if special handling is needed:
+
+```toml
+[build.steps]
+moc = "moc {in} -o {out}"
+```
+
+### Unix CC
+
+* Compiler resolved via `resolve_compiler()`: `DCR_COMPILER` > `DCR_CC` > `[toolchain]` > `build.compiler` > `PATH`
+* Supports `.d` files for header dependency tracking
+* Flags: `-std=`, `-MMD -MF`, `-c -o`, `-I`, `-L`, `-l`
+* Conditional flags based on config:
+  * `freestanding` or bare-metal target: `-ffreestanding` (compile), `-nostdlib -static` (link)
+  * `lto`: `-flto` (compile + link)
+  * `panic = "abort"`: `-fno-exceptions` (C++ only), `-fno-unwind-tables`, `-fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables`
+
+### MSVC
+
+* Supports cl.exe and clang-cl.exe
+* Flags: `/std:`, `/Fo:`, `/Fe:`, `/I`, `/link`
+
+### GAS / NASM / MASM / FASM / LLVM-IR
+
+* GAS: `-I`, `-c -o`, `--defsym`
+* NASM: `-I`, `-o`, `-D`, `-f` (format: win64/elf64/macho64/macho32/elf32)
+* MASM: `/nologo /c /Fo\<obj> <source>`
+* FASM: `<source> \<output>` (output path is the object file)
+* LLVM IR: `-filetype=obj <source> -o \<output>`
+
+## Incremental Builds
+
+Three levels of incrementality:
+
+1. **mtime** — if output is newer than all inputs, skip
+2. **`.d` files** — header change tracking (including transitive)
+3. **SHA256 fingerprint** — recompile if compiler flags changed (stored in `.dcr_fingerprint`)
+
+## Parallel Compilation
+
+* `thread::scope` for thread pool
+* Atomic task queue (`AtomicU64`)
+* Mutex on stdout (`OUTPUT_MUTEX`)
+* Thread count = `available_parallelism()`, capped by `build.codegen-units` if set
+
+## Build Kinds
+
+| Kind        | Type                            | Path (Linux example)                                                                                                       |
+| ----------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `bin`       | Executable                      | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/\<name>` (.exe on Windows)                 |
+| `staticlib` | Static library                  | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/lib\<name>.a` (.lib)                       |
+| `sharedlib` | Dynamic library                 | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/lib\<name>.so` (.dll/.dylib)               |
+| `efi`       | UEFI application                | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/\<name>.efi`                               |
+| `elf`       | ELF without stdlib              | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/\<name>`                                   |
+| `none`      | Compile only, no link           | —                                                                                                                          |
+| `custom`    | Full filename+extension control | `target/\<triple>/\<profile>/\<filename>.\<extension>` |
+
+## Build Steps
+
+DCR supports pre-build and post-build steps:
+
+* `build.steps` — commands before compilation
+* `build.post_steps` — commands after compilation
+
+Substitutions: `{stem}`, `{in}`, `{out}`, `{profile}`, `{version}`, `{name}`.
+
+Example Qt codegen via build steps:
+
+```toml
+[build.steps]
+moc = "moc {in} -o {out}"
+```
+
+## pkg-config
+
+Automatic lookup (read from raw config):
+
+```toml
+[build]
+pkg_config = ["sdl2", "gl"]
+```
+
+DCR runs `pkg-config --cflags sdl2 gl` and `pkg-config --libs sdl2 gl` and adds results to compiler/linker flags.
+
+## Variable Substitution
+
+Supported variables:
+
+| Variable                | Description                  |
+| ----------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| `{version}`             | Package version              |
+| `{version_major}`       | Major version part           |
+| `{version_minor}`       | Minor version part           |
+| `{version_patch}`       | Patch version                |
+| `{version_suffix}`      | Suffix (e.g., `-rc1`)        |
+| `{version_suffix_dash}` | Suffix with dash             |
+| `{profile}`             | Profile name (debug/release) |
+| `{name}`                | Package name                 |